JLPT N3 · Intermediate

JLPT N3 Grammar List

159 points

JLPT N3 grammar question practice 30 tests · real exam questions N3 grammar flashcards 159 cards · forms & meanings

来る・くる Arrive or head toward the speaker; begin to, come to be 8 ex.
行く・いく Keep on; proceed onward; go (to a place) 8 ex.
っぱなし Left in an unchanged state; continues without stopping 8 ex.
がち has a tendency to (do something undesirable) 8 ex.
っぽい Has the look or quality of; prone to doing something 8 ex.
ものの Even though; despite the fact that (formal usage) 8 ex.
にもかかわらず in spite of; notwithstanding (formal usage) 8 ex.
ながら（も） during the time something happens; even so, in spite of that 8 ex.
にとって from the viewpoint of; for (someone or something) 8 ex.
について regarding; on the subject of 8 ex.
に関して/関する concerning, with regard to (formal usage) 8 ex.
によると based on what some source says or reports 8 ex.
甲斐・かい・がい merit, value, worth doing something 8 ex.
がたい Difficult to (formal usage) 8 ex.
とする if one assumes or supposes 8 ex.
にしても Even if; whether; in any case 8 ex.
たところで Even supposing; despite the fact that 8 ex.
べきだ is supposed to; is morally right to do 8 ex.
わけだ That explains it; it follows that; such being the case 8 ex.
わけがない There's no way; impossible; can't be true 8 ex.
わけではない It is not the case that; not always so 8 ex.
わけにはいかない unable to do; not permitted to do 8 ex.
くらい Roughly, approximately; to the degree or extent of 8 ex.
ばかり Merely, exclusively, or used in ばかりでなく/ばかりか to mean 'not just... but also' 8 ex.
だけで(は)なく(も) Used to say something is true of one thing and additionally of another 8 ex.
たびに Each time, whenever something occurs 8 ex.
次第 as soon as; depending on; gradually 8 ex.
に従って/従い Following, in line with; as (something changes) 8 ex.
につれて/つれ As something changes; along with it; also take someone along 8 ex.
際（に） at the time of, on the occasion of (formal usage) 8 ex.
（の）上で on top of; after doing; on paper 8 ex.
末（に） After considerable effort; the final outcome 8 ex.
さえ Even; used to stress a surprising or minimal case 8 ex.
こそ Used for strong emphasis; points out something as the exact or true instance 8 ex.
ないことも / はない It isn't the case that... not; doesn't mean... not 8 ex.
なしに doing something without; continuously, nonstop 8 ex.
済む to manage without doing something; to be settled or resolved with less than expected 8 ex.
為（に）・ため（に） In order to; for the sake of; because of this 8 ex.
せい owing to, for the fault of (unfavorable cause) 8 ex.
となる turn into, serve as; when it comes to (a topic) 8 ex.
ことになる It works out that; it follows that; it amounts to 8 ex.
ことにする Choose or resolve to do something 8 ex.
ようだ It appears that; resembling something 8 ex.
ばかりか（さえ） not just that, but in addition 8 ex.
だらけ covered in or filled with something 8 ex.
以外 apart from; with the exception of 8 ex.
以上（は） now that / since 8 ex.
からにかけて spanning from one point to another 6 ex.
からと言って just because ~ it doesn't mean that 8 ex.
くせに Even though, despite the fact that 8 ex.
なしでは lacking ~; cannot manage without 8 ex.
に代わって instead of someone; doing something for another's benefit 8 ex.
に比べると/比べて When measured against something else; relative to 8 ex.
に対して/対する Directed toward, with respect to, in contrast 8 ex.
によって/より depending on / caused by / through the use of 8 ex.
のみ Solely / merely (formal usage) 8 ex.
その上 In addition to that; furthermore; what's more 8 ex.
と同時に simultaneously with; the moment something happens 8 ex.
とうとう In the end; after a long wait or process, at last 8 ex.
上（に） besides that; not just ~ but also 8 ex.
あまり owing to an excessive amount or degree of something 8 ex.
なかなか With difficulty; barely; not readily 8 ex.
ことは It is indeed the case that ~, though; certainly ~ (but) 8 ex.
のに While doing; in order to; for the purpose of 8 ex.
を Marks the cause of a human emotion 8 ex.
さ turns adjectives into nouns, like English -ness 8 ex.
たって Even when; despite the fact that (informal speech) 8 ex.
と言えば used to bring up a topic; when it comes to mentioning ~ 8 ex.
ところだ has just done or just set out to do something; the place where 8 ex.
としては Viewed as; from the standpoint of; for (someone's part) 8 ex.
やはり As expected; after all; none the less; still 8 ex.
分 Quantity or duration's worth; portion; minutes (in telling time) 8 ex.
分・ぶん A person's share or portion; that quantity; correspondingly 8 ex.
どうも for no clear reason; apparently; unable to quite; used to intensify thanks 8 ex.
どうせ In any case; regardless; after all; there's no point 8 ex.
風に In a manner like ~; in the style of ~; resembling ~ 8 ex.
Imperative Gives a direct command or request using the verb's imperative form 4 ex.
かか if or whether; one option or the other 8 ex.
かな expresses wondering about something; also a soft hope 8 ex.
（の）代わりに As a substitute for; as a replacement for; as compensation for 8 ex.
結構 fairly; somewhat; pretty; polite refusal meaning already enough 8 ex.
こうした of this sort; this type of; such as this 8 ex.
ことで By means of doing; via; consequently 8 ex.
ことになる turn out to be; amount to; it follows that (as a result) 8 ex.
くらい To the degree that; as much as; roughly this much 8 ex.
目 ordinal ending meaning -th 8 ex.
なあ exclamation of feeling; expresses a longing or hope; conveys wondering aloud 8 ex.
などと such things as; used when quoting or referring to something of that kind 8 ex.
なく without doing ~; not ~ but rather (adverbial negative) 8 ex.
何でも anything at all; everything; reportedly; I'm not certain but 8 ex.
何しろ in fact; believe it or not; when all is said and done 4 ex.
になると once it turns into; when the time comes; as soon as it is 8 ex.
の関係で owing to; on account of (a formal reason) 4 ex.
の下で Beneath something; within; under (conditions/authority) 8 ex.
おだ Respectful verb or state expression showing honor toward the subject 8 ex.
お下さい Kindly please do ~ (courteous request form) 8 ex.
思われる It seems; it appears that; to be thought of as 8 ex.
来 Used for; in; since, marking a time span up to now 8 ex.
例の the (aforementioned); that same; the usual 8 ex.
ろくにない scarcely; insufficiently; to only a small degree; almost not at all 4 ex.
さ casual sentence-ending particle meaning you know; I tell you; sure 8 ex.
そうになる Nearly; on the verge of; almost 5 ex.
それでも in spite of that; even with that; regardless 8 ex.
それどころか Quite the opposite; not only that, in fact; actually 8 ex.
それが Well, contrary to what one expected; regrettably, I'm sorry to say 8 ex.
それも Moreover; in addition; at that 8 ex.
それと And; also; in addition 8 ex.
それは Indeed, that's so; naturally; surely 8 ex.
それぞれ individually; each one separately; in that order 8 ex.
ただの merely; nothing more than; unremarkable; plain 4 ex.
て And; because; after doing ~ (extended use of the te-form) 8 ex.
ては when; if; since (a condition that repeats) 8 ex.
と that; because; like (marks thought, speech, or perception) 8 ex.
というのに However; despite the fact that; even though 6 ex.
と言うと Speaking of ~; when you say or mention ~; on every occasion 8 ex.
とかで for a reason such as; owing to something like that 4 ex.
ところ At the moment when; just as; the point or part in question 8 ex.
とする Sense; seem (sensory or psychological experience) 8 ex.
Vmasu as a Noun verb masu-stem acting as a noun 4 ex.
やる Give; send; do; play; eat; drink (casual giving) 8 ex.
やる carry out an action while being aware it will trouble another person 8 ex.
やっと at last; after a long wait; only just; with difficulty 8 ex.
よう manner or method of doing; resembling; appearing as if 8 ex.
ぞ emphatic sentence-final particle meaning I tell you; you know 8 ex.
っけ Casual ending used when recalling something or double-checking a fact 8 ex.
さて Well; now; by the way (marks a topic change in writing) 8 ex.
うちに during the time something holds; before the chance is gone 8 ex.
である Indicates a state brought about by an intentional action 8 ex.
ところが Yet; however, with an outcome that defies expectation 8 ex.
ほど The more ~, the more ~ (two things rising together) 8 ex.
ばほど the more one thing happens, the more another does 8 ex.
もの（だ） expresses what is natural, expected, or how things ought to be 8 ex.
ことはない It is not necessary to 8 ex.
わけだ for that reason; it's only natural; that is to say 8 ex.
として In the role or capacity of; as 8 ex.
にしては Considering something's usual standard; for 8 ex.
て初めて Not until; only once something has happened; first time after that point 8 ex.
むしろ Rather; instead; if anything 8 ex.
つまり put another way; to put it differently; specifically 8 ex.
とてもない Impossible to do; not at all able to 8 ex.
わけにはいかない unable to bring oneself to; cannot possibly do 8 ex.
ことに it is ~ that; to my ~ (showing surprise or emotion) 8 ex.
とは限らない not always the case; not necessarily true 8 ex.
ついでに while doing one thing, also doing another; on the same occasion 8 ex.
と共に in company with someone or something; at the same time as; in the course of 8 ex.
あるいは or; either...or; as another option; maybe 8 ex.
一方（だ） keeps changing; continues to increase or decrease 3 ex.
一方（で） on the other hand; in the meantime 8 ex.
必ずしも Not invariably; not in every case 8 ex.
向け Heading toward, bound for 8 ex.
次第 hinges on; at random; little by little 8 ex.
同士 People or things of the same kind; fellow; among each other 8 ex.
まさか no way; surely not; I can't believe it 8 ex.
つい Without meaning to; by accident; without noticing; before realizing it 8 ex.
っぽい Looks like, has the quality of, -ish 8 ex.
どころか far from; on the contrary; let alone 8 ex.
を中心に Revolving around / centered on 5 ex.
に決まっている Definitely / certain to be 5 ex.
更に On top of that; to a greater degree; increasingly; additionally 8 ex.

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